Bicentennial 2025

200 Years of the Peter Robinson Immigration

Join us in remembering the journey and heritage of our community.

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© 2024 Nine Ships 1825 Inc.

Welcome to the Peter Robinson Emigration Bicentennial Commemoration

The Peter Robinson Emigration of 1825 was a landmark initiative that brought nearly 2,000 Irish settlers to Canada, laying the foundation for what would become Nogojiwanong-Peterborough. This rare government experiment aimed to test the viability of British emigration policy by covering all expenses for settlers for 18 months. Each family’s journey and experiences have been meticulously documented, providing a rich archival resource.

As we mark the Bicentennial, we honour this chapter in Canadian history. The 1825 emigration not only shaped Nogojiwanong-Peterborough’s identity but also demonstrated the enduring spirit of community and collaboration. Join us in commemorating 200 years of heritage, resilience, and the diverse legacy that continues to define our region today.

Old text-based poster displayed on a grey wall. It reads, "Emigration to Canada" and goes into details about the memorandum.

Emigration to Canada poster recruiting emigrants for Robinson’s 1825 experiment to the Nogojiwanong-Peterborough area. (Peterborough Museum and Archives exhibit)

Historical Narratives & Bonus Content

Enjoy and explore a variety of new content as we dive deeper into archives and other narratives. Here will will post our book and resource reviews and other unique content that has been unearthed by the committee, decendants, and locals. Stay tuned as we will be updating this section biweekly.

The Chronological Journey of the Peter Robinson Emigration

 A black and white illustration shows multiple sailing ships in a large body of water surrounded by hills, trees, and buildings. People are visible in the foreground near trees.

“The Cork River”

Illustration of The Cork River by G.K Richardson and W.H. Bartlett in Ireland: Its Scenery, Character, &c. by Mr. & Mrs. S. C. Hall

Early 1820's

The Context in Ireland

In the early 1820s, Ireland was experiencing severe economic and social difficulties. The majority of the population lived in rural areas and relied heavily on subsistence farming, with the potato being the staple crop. The land was primarily controlled by absentee landlords, and many Irish families faced extreme poverty, inadequate housing, and food insecurity. The rapid population growth exacerbated these challenges, creating dire living conditions and little hope for improvement.

Chart showing the Interior Navigation of the Districts of Newcastle and Upper Canada from The Backwoods of Canada – Charles Knight.

Chart showing the Interior Navigation of the Districts of Newcastle and Upper Canada in The Backwoods of Canada by Charles Knight

1822

The Proposal and Planning

In response to the growing distress, Peter Robinson, a prominent Canadian politician with family ties to Ireland, meets Robert J. Wilmot Horton in 1822. Wilmot Horton asks Peter to superintend the 1st government-sponsored emigration scheme to Canada. The plan aimed to relocate impoverished Irish families to Canada, providing them with land and resources to start anew. The proposal was rooted in the idea of organized, government-sponsored emigration as a solution to both the Irish economic crisis and the need for skilled settlers in Canada.

In 1823, the Emigration Committee of the London Parliament recommends that the House of Commons vote to allocate £15,000 (roughly £2,237,583 or $3,979,239 CAD today) to finance emigration to the colonies, recognizing it as a strategic opportunity to ease the pressures in Ireland while bolstering the population in its North American colonies. Of this, Peter Robinson is granted £9,678 (roughly £1,445,031 or $2,569,880 CAD today) to underwrite his Upper Canada emigration scheme. Detailed planning began, including the selection of emigrants, arrangements for their journey, and provisions for their settlement in Canada.

A black and white text reading "Emigration to Canada".

Emigration to Canada – Memorandum Poster (Cropped)
Copy of LDS Film # 394002 b
y Carol Robocker-Andersen

1823

Publicity and Selection

With the funds in place, Peter Robinson makes his way to County Cork, Ireland arriving in Fermoy, County Cork on 20 May, 1823. From there he follows the instructions of Wilmot Horton to consult with prominent figures, seeking recommendations for suitable emigrants that fit the requirements of the scheme.

In early June 1823, Robinson, under authorization of Wilmot Horton intitiates publicity to recruit 500-600 candidates for emigration to Upper Canada. Several hundred copies of broadsheet advertising are printed and distributed/displayed in Fermoy, Mitchelstown, Doneraile, Charlesville, Newmarket, Kanturk, Mallow and nearby villages.

Selection & Recommendation Letters

Click to expand the letter and read a unique piece of history. For more letters please visit our history page using the button below.

A detailed black-and-white illustration depicts a sailboat with large, billowing sails in calm waters. Small rowboats surround it, and a coastal landscape with a few buildings and a tower is visible in the background under a cloudy sky.

Illustration in Ireland: Its Scenery, Character, &c. by Mr. & Mrs. S. C. Hall

1825

The Departure from Ireland

In the spring of 1825, the emigration scheme was set into motion. Peter Robinson arrived in County Cork to oversee the selection process. The criteria for selection included families who were willing to emigrate and had the physical capacity to work on the land. The chosen emigrants came from some of the most impoverished areas, particularly the counties of Cork, Limerick, and Tipperary.

On the morning of May 6, 1825, the first of nine ships, the Regulus, departed from Cobh (then known as Queenstown) in County Cork. Over the following weeks, a total of nine ships set sail from Ireland, carrying 2,024 individuals, including 234 families, across the Atlantic Ocean. The journey was perilous, with the emigrants facing cramped conditions, rough seas, and the constant threat of illness.

A vintage illustration depicts a stagecoach drawn by horses arriving in a quaint log village. Several people are gathered around the stagecoach, and wooden buildings line the dirt road. Trees border the settlement, adding to the rural atmosphere.

“Log-Village – Arrival of a Stage-coach.”

Illustration in The Backwoods of Canada by Charles Knight

Late 1825

Arrival in Canada

The first ships began arriving in Quebec City in late June 1825. The emigrants were processed and given temporary shelter before continuing their journey inland, mostly by steam boat. From Quebec City, they traveled by river and overland first to Kingston, where they stayed for almost a month, and then by water again onto the town of Cobourg eventually making their way to the designated settlement areas in what is now Peterborough County, Ontario.

Upon arrival, the emigrants faced the daunting task of building new lives in an unfamiliar and often harsh environment. They were provided with land grants, tools, and provisions to sustain them for the first 18 months. The land in the Nogojiwanong-Peterborough region, though fertile, required significant clearing and preparation before it could be farmed.

An illustration of a log house surrounded by trees. A cow stands nearby while laundry hangs on a line outside. The scene appears rustic and peaceful.

“Log-house.”

Illustration in The Backwoods of Canada by Charles Knight

1826-1827

Establishing New Communities

Throughout 1826 and 1827, the settlers worked tirelessly to establish their new communities. They built log cabins, cleared land for farming, and began planting crops to sustain themselves. The British government, under Robinson’s direction, continued to provide support, including additional supplies and assistance with land preparation.

Despite the challenges, the settlers gradually built thriving communities. The Nogojiwanong-Peterborough region became a focal point for Irish settlement in Canada. The emigrants’ hard work and resilience laid the foundations for the region’s development and growth.

Why This Anniversary Matters

The bicentennial of the Peter Robinson Emigration is a pivotal moment for our community, marking the arrival of the Irish settlers who profoundly shaped the landscape and identity of Nogojiwanong-Peterborough and surrounding areas. This commemoration is not just a remembrance of a historical event, but a recognition of resilience, heritage, and the enduring impact of these early settlers on our modern society. The arrival of nearly 2,000 Irish immigrants in 1825 laid the foundation for a vibrant, diverse community that has grown and evolved over two centuries. Their journey and settlement in a new land amidst great challenges reflect the courage and determination that continue to inspire present and future generations.

This commemoration offers the opportunity to honour the legacy of the Peter Robinson settlers, recognizing their contributions to the cultural and social fabric of our community. It allows us to reconnect with our roots, reflect on our shared history, and appreciate the rich traditions that have been passed down through generations. This anniversary is a chance to acknowledge the diversity and resilience that define us, ensuring that the stories and achievements of the Peter Robinson emigrants continue to resonate and inspire for years to come.

A group of people are riding in a large wooden boat on a calm river. One person at the front is holding thick ropes. The boat is filled with both men and women, some wearing casual clothes and others in formal attire. A bridge is visible in the background.

Reenactment of the Peter Robinson boat landing at the Del Crary Park (Little Lake), Nogojiwanong-Peterborough in 1975 during the commemoration.

Recognize the Past, Inspire the Future

Nine Ships 1825 Inc. acknowledges that our area is located on the treaty and traditional territory of the Mississauga Anishnaabeg. We are grateful to the First Peoples for their commitment and teaching about our earth and our relations.

The history of the Robinson emigrants is intertwined with that of the Indigenous peoples of the region, particularly the Misswezahging – Mississauga First Nations. Indigenous support was crucial to the settlers’ adaptation and survival, though this history also involves displacement and colonization. The Bicentenary of the Robinson emigration invites reflection on these complex histories, honouring the resilience of early settlers and advancing reconciliation efforts within our community.

We hope the bicentennial can be an important occasion to reflect on the relationships between the early settlers and the Indigenous communities. The Peter Robinson Emigration has been considered notable for the mutual respect and cooperation that developed between the Irish settlers and the First Nations, as documented by contemporary writers and community narratives. By revisiting this period, we have the opportunity to advance understanding and reconciliation, recognizing the shared histories and contributions that have shaped our community. 

Alderville First Nation's Logo
Hiawatha First Nation Michisaagiig of Rice Lake Logo
Curve Lake First Nation's Logo

2024 - 2025 Events

Join us in commemorating 200 years of rich heritage and vibrant community spirit with our exciting lineup of bicentennial events. Explore our events calendar to find key dates and brief descriptions of activities designed to honour our shared history. This comprehensive calendar will feature a variety of commemorative events taking place throughout the region. 

Click the button below to view the full calendar and plan your participation in this historic observance.

Bicentennial Week Events

A group of people are marching in a parade, carrying a banner that reads "Peterborough Canadian Irish Club." They are holding Irish and Canadian flags, and many are wearing green hats. Brick buildings and spectators are visible in the background.

More Nine Ships events coming soon!

From August 1-10, a series of engaging and memorable Bicentennial events will acknowledge our rich heritage and vibrant community. The festivities kick off with the Opening Reception on August 1, featuring local cuisine, live music, and a warm welcome from community leaders. On August 3, the Heritage Bus Tour will guide you through historical landmarks and significant sites, offering a deeper understanding of our town’s past. The excitement continues with the Arts and Heritage Performance Series from August 5-9, showcasing captivating performances by local artists, musicians, and storytellers that highlight our cultural legacy. 

Highlighted Nine Ships 1825 Events

Latest News and Release Posts

Media Release Video July 30, 2024

Click on the video player to watch Global News coverage on Nine Ships 1825 Inc’s website and official launch July 30, 2024.

Thank you to Global News for their coverage.

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©2024 Nine Ships 1825 Inc.

Support the Bicentennial

Support our Bicentennial commemoration events by volunteering, sponsoring, or donating. Volunteers are essential in making our events run smoothly, offering their time and skills to help with various tasks. Sponsorships provide businesses and individuals with the chance to showcase their commitment to our community while gaining valuable exposure. Donations, whether large or small, directly contribute to the success of our festivities, ensuring we can deliver a memorable experience for everyone. Your involvement, in any form, plays a crucial role in honouring our heritage and fostering a sense of unity.

We are grateful for the support and encouragement that we have received from local governments, local heritage groups, businesses, and individuals.

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Roman Catholic Diocese of Peterborough

Paul Hickey, Dev Maharaja & Team

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Mary LaRocque

Aaron Robitaille Design

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